Add records: TYPE, DIM ... AS, field access, copy on assign

BASIC 7.0 has no records at all, so none of this is a port. The `@` suffix was
not invented either: the Go reference reserved IDENTIFIER_STRUCT and never used
it, and src/grammar.c rendered such a leaf as "NOT IMPLEMENTED" until now.

Declaring the type is what buys the storage model. A TYPE states its fields, so
an instance has a known slot count and is laid out exactly as an array is -- one
contiguous run from the same value pool DIM already draws from, with field access
as offset arithmetic. No new pool holds data; the only new table holds
descriptors. A nested value flattens into its container's run, which is why
LINE with two POINTs and a string is five slots rather than three.

Each field takes its type from its own suffix, the same rule every other name
here follows, so a field list needs no type column. An `@` field is the
exception and has to name its type, because three primitive types fit in three
suffix characters and N declared types do not fit in one.

The declaration is prescanned before the program runs, like labels and DATA and
for the same reason: it has to be in effect wherever control goes. Three passes,
each for a case the one before cannot do -- names first so a field can refer to
a type declared later, then field lists, then sizes by repeated resolution. What
never resolves is a cycle of by-value containment, so "a TYPE cannot contain
itself by value" is a diagnosis rather than an assumption, and the message says
to use PTR TO instead.

Assignment copies. That interception is the whole feature and it cannot live in
akbasic_value_clone(), which copies one slot -- and one slot holds a *reference*
to an instance rather than the instance, so going through it would alias. A
structure is intercepted before that path and its slots are copied one at a
time, walking the descriptor rather than memcpy-ing the run, because a pointer
field must copy its reference where a value field must copy its slots.

Two smaller things the work required. All three prescans now sit inside one
ATTEMPT: a malformed declaration is the program's mistake, and it was printing a
stack trace and taking the driver with it, which is the boundary goal 3 exists
to draw. And a fresh variable's structtype is -1 rather than the 0 a memset
leaves, because 0 is a valid type index and every new variable was claiming to
be the first type declared.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

tests/language/structures/missing_field.bas

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+10 REM A field name is checked against a closed set the program declared, which
+20 REM is the one thing in this language whose valid spellings are written down.
+30 REM A misspelled *variable* is still silent -- see the last two lines.
+40 TYPE RECT
+50   W#
+60   H#
+70 END TYPE
+80 DIM R@ AS RECT
+90 R@.W# = 3
+100 PRINT R@.W#
+110 REM A variable nobody assigned is zero, with no complaint at all.
+120 PRINT TOTLA#
+130 REM A field the type does not declare is refused, and lists the real ones.
+140 PRINT R@.NOPE#

tests/language/structures/missing_field.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+3
+0
+? 140 : RUNTIME ERROR RECT has no field NOPE# (W#, H#)
+

tests/language/structures/records.bas

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+10 REM A TYPE declares its fields; each takes its own type from its own suffix,
+20 REM which is the same rule every other name in this language follows.
+30 TYPE POINT
+40   X#
+50   Y#
+60 END TYPE
+70 TYPE SHAPE
+80   NAME$
+90   ORIGIN@ AS POINT
+100  AREA%
+110 END TYPE
+120 DIM A@ AS SHAPE
+130 DIM B@ AS SHAPE
+140 A@.NAME$ = "FIRST"
+150 A@.ORIGIN@.X# = 10
+160 A@.ORIGIN@.Y# = 20
+170 A@.AREA% = 2.5
+180 REM Assignment COPIES. B@ is its own record from here on.
+190 B@ = A@
+200 A@.NAME$ = "CHANGED"
+210 A@.ORIGIN@.X# = 99
+220 PRINT A@
+230 PRINT B@
+240 REM A whole nested record copies as a unit too.
+250 DIM P@ AS POINT
+260 P@ = B@.ORIGIN@
+270 PRINT P@
+280 REM And a structure renders with its type name and its fields.
+290 PRINT B@.ORIGIN@.X# + B@.ORIGIN@.Y#

tests/language/structures/records.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+SHAPE(NAME$=CHANGED, ORIGIN@=POINT(X#=99, Y#=20), AREA%=2.500000)
+SHAPE(NAME$=FIRST, ORIGIN@=POINT(X#=10, Y#=20), AREA%=2.500000)
+POINT(X#=10, Y#=20)
+30